{"id":818,"date":"2022-10-19T20:52:03","date_gmt":"2022-10-19T12:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/?p=818"},"modified":"2022-10-19T20:52:03","modified_gmt":"2022-10-19T12:52:03","slug":"%e6%99%ba%e8%83%bd%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/2022\/10\/19\/%e6%99%ba%e8%83%bd%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RAII<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RAII\uff08Resource Acquisition Is Initialization\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e92\u65a5\u91cf\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6280\u672f\u3002<br \/>\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u6790\u6784\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u501f\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u628a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4efd\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u6258\u7ba1\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u597d\u5904\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u5176\u751f\u547d\u671f\u5185\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728c++\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u5bf9\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff1anew,\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1bdelete\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u9500\u6bc1\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6781\u5176\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e\uff0c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;string&gt;\n#include &lt;memory&gt;\n\nusing namespace std;\n\n\n\/\/ \u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\u5c31return\nvoid memoryLeak1() {\n\tstring *str = new string(\"\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff01\");\n\treturn;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u534a\u8def\u622a\u80e1return\u4e86\nint memoryLeak2() {\n\tstring *str = new string(\"\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\uff01\");\n\n\t\/\/ ...\u6b64\u5904\u7701\u7565\u4e00\u4e07\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\n\n\t\/\/ \u53d1\u751f\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u675f\u51fd\u6570\n\tif (1) {\n\t\treturn -1;\n\t}\n\t\/\n\t\/\/ \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528try\u3001catch\u7ed3\u675f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff01\n\t\/\n\n\tdelete str;\t\/\/ \u867d\u7136\u5199\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u906d\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6bb5\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6307\u9488\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u91ca\u653e\n\treturn 1;\n}\n\n\nint main(void) {\n\n\tmemoryLeak1();\n\n\tmemoryLeak2();\n\n\treturn 0;\n} <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>memoryLeak1\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0cnew\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709delete\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecfreturn\u7ed3\u675f\u51fd\u6570\u4e86\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\uff01<br \/>memoryLeak2\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0cnew\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u672b\u5c3e\u6709\u4e9b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ee3\u7801delete str\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728delete\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecfreturn\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5374\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u914d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u90fd\u4ea4\u7531\u6709\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a very nice \u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u6307\u9488\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u6240\u8c13\u7684<strong>\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6a21\u677f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u540e<strong>\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u6307\u9488\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C++98 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 auto_ptr \u6a21\u677f\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C++11 \u589e\u52a0unique_ptr\u3001shared_ptr \u548cweak_ptr<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u201c * \" \u548c \u201d -&gt; \"\u53bb\u83b7\u5f97\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u91cd\u8f7d\" * \" \u548c\" -&gt; \"\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6ptr1\u548cptr2\u6307\u9488\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61<strong>p<\/strong>tr1\u548cptr2\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4e2d\u539f\u751f\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ptr2\u548cptr1\u6307\u5411\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5f53ptr2\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u53bbdelete\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53ptr1\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6,\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53bb\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u53bb\u91ca\u653eptr1\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8d44\u6e90.\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0cptr2\u88ab\u5148\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u91ca\u653eptr2\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7136\u540eptr1\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5d29\u6e83\u6389\u3002(\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u518d\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&nbsp;\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u751f\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u53ea\u80fd\u91ca\u653e\u4e00\u6b21\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>get<\/strong>() \u83b7\u53d6\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5730\u5740 \u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\nauto_ptr&lt;Test&gt; test(new Test);\n\nTest *tmp = test.get();\t\t\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u9488\u8fd4\u56de\ncout &lt;&lt; \"tmp-&gt;debug\uff1a\" &lt;&lt; tmp-&gt;getDebug() &lt;&lt; endl;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>release<\/strong>() \u53d6\u6d88\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6258\u7ba1 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u518d\u5bf9\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6539\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff01<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\nauto_ptr&lt;Test&gt; test(new Test);\n\nTest *tmp2 = test.release();\t\/\/ \u53d6\u6d88\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6258\u7ba1\ndelete tmp2;\t\/\/ \u4e4b\u524d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>reset<\/strong>() \u91cd\u7f6e\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f1a\u88ab\u6790\u6784\u6389  reset\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488(\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5219\u4e3aNULL)\uff0c\u4e0e\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6790\u6784\u6389\u539f\u6765\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e4b\u3002\u7136\u540e\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u4f1a\u6258\u7ba1\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\nauto_ptr&lt;Test&gt; test(new Test);\n\ntest.reset();\t\t\t\/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u6389\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7f6eNULL\n\ntest.reset(new Test());\t\/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u6389\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u9488\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e4b<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CPP\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">auto_ptr<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>auto_ptr\u662fc++98\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8bc9\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u62f7\u8d1d\u7ed9\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3anullptr<\/strong>\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u5757\u8d44\u6e90\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-133-1024x583.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-830\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679cauto_ptr\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u540e<strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u518d\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83\u6389\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3anullptr)<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684.\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u4f1a<strong>\u7981\u7528auto_ptr\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5728STL\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528auto_ptr\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u91cd\u5927\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u590d\u5236\u548c\u53ef\u8d4b\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">unique_ptr<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">unique_ptr\u662fc++11\u7248\u672c\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488,<strong>\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u7ed9\u7981\u7528\u6389<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6392\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u80fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5de6\u503cunique_ptr\u590d\u5236\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5de6\u503c\u590d\u5236\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u4e34\u65f6\u53f3\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u6784\u9020\u548c\u8d4b\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4fdd\u5b58\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5de6\u503c\u590d\u5236\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u4e34\u65f6\u53f3\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u6784\u9020\u548c\u8d4b\u503c<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-134-1024x445.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-838\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5728 STL \u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528unique_ptr\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-135-1024x520.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-839\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">auto_ptr \u4e0e unique_ptr\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u9677\u9631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>auto_ptr&lt;string&gt; p1;\nstring *str = new string(\"\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u9677\u9631\");\np1.reset(str);\t\/\/ p1\u6258\u7ba1str\u6307\u9488\n{\n\tauto_ptr&lt;string&gt; p2;\n\tp2.reset(str);\t\/\/ p2\u63a5\u7ba1str\u6307\u9488\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u53d6\u6d88p1\u7684\u6258\u7ba1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5bf9str\u7684\u6258\u7ba1\n}\n\n\/\/ \u6b64\u65f6p1\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u6258\u7ba1\u5185\u5bb9\u6307\u9488\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3aNULL\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u5185\u5b58\u62a5\u9519\uff01\ncout &lt;&lt; \"str\uff1a\" &lt;&lt; *p1 &lt;&lt; endl;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8eauto_ptr \u4e0e unique_ptr\u7684\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684<br \/><strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528shared_ptr\u6307\u9488\u6307\u9488<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">shared_ptr<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>unique_ptr \u8fd9\u79cd\u6392\u4ed6\u578b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u9002\u5e94\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\uff01\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u5171\u4eab\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f15\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6570\u91cf\uff0c<strong>\u5f53\u590d\u5236\u6216\u62f7\u8d1d\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u52a01\uff0c\u5f53\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6790\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u91ca\u653e\u5b83<\/strong> \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f shared_ptr \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-136.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-847\" width=\"648\" height=\"317\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-137.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-848\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/courtship.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/\u56fe\u7247-138.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-849\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0csp1 = sp2; \u548c shared_ptr&lt; Person &gt; sp3(sp1);\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sp1 = sp2; --&gt; sp1\u548csp2\u5171\u540c\u6258\u7ba1\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a2\uff1b<br \/>shared_ptr&lt; Person &gt; sp3(sp1); --&gt; sp1\u548csp2\u548csp3\u5171\u540c\u6258\u7ba1\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a3\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6784\u9020<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>1). shared_ptr&lt; T &gt; sp1; \u7a7a\u7684shared_ptr\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp1;\nPerson *person1 = new Person(1);\nsp1.reset(person1); \/\/ \u6258\u7ba1person1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>2). shared_ptr&lt; T &gt; sp2(new T()); \u5b9a\u4e49shared_ptr,\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp2(new Person(2));\nshared_ptr sp3(sp1);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>3). shared_ptr sp4; \u7a7a\u7684shared_ptr\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT[]\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61 C++17\u540e\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp4;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>4). shared_ptr sp5(new T[] { \u2026 }); \u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61 C++17\u540e\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp5(new Person&#91;5] { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 });<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>5). shared_ptr&lt; T &gt; sp6(NULL, D()); \/\/\u7a7a\u7684shared_ptr\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2aD\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5220\u9664\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528D\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp6(NULL, DestructPerson());<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>6). shared_ptr&lt; T &gt; sp7(new T(), D()); \/\/\u5b9a\u4e49shared_ptr,\u6307\u5411\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aT\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2aD\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5220\u9664\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528D\u5220\u9664\u5668\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr sp7(new Person(8), DestructPerson());<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr&lt;int&gt; up1(new int(10));  \/\/ int(10) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a1\nshared_ptr&lt;int&gt; up2(up1);  \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488up1\u6784\u9020up2, \u6b64\u65f6int(10) \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528make_shared \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8(\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>make_shared\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684shared_ptr; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7528\u6cd5\uff1amake_shared&lt;\u7c7b\u578b&gt;(\u6784\u9020\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr&lt;int&gt; up3 = make_shared&lt;int&gt;(2); \/\/ \u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7','\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u63a5\u53d7\u5341\u4e2a\nshared_ptr&lt;string&gt; up4 = make_shared&lt;string&gt;(\"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\");\nshared_ptr&lt;Person&gt; up5 = make_shared&lt;Person&gt;(9);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8d4b\u503c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptrr&lt;int&gt; up1(new int(10));  \/\/ int(10) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a1\nshared_ptr&lt;int&gt; up2(new int(11));   \/\/ int(11) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a1\nup1 = up2;\t\/\/ int(10) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf1,\u8ba1\u6570\u5f52\u96f6\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\uff0cup2\u5171\u4eabint(11)\u7ed9up1, int(11)\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptrr&lt;int&gt; up1(new int(10));  \/\/ int(10) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a1\nshared_ptr&lt;int&gt; up2(new int(11));   \/\/ int(11) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a1\nup1 = up2;\t\/\/ int(10) \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf1,\u8ba1\u6570\u5f52\u96f6\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\uff0cup2\u5171\u4eabint(11)\u7ed9up1, int(11)\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u91cd\u7f6e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>p.reset() ; \u5c06p\u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6240\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570 \u51cf1\np.reset(p1); \u5c06p\u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3ap1\uff08\u7684\u503c\uff09,p \u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf1\uff0cp\u63a5\u7ba1\u5bf9p1\u6307\u9488\u7684\u7ba1\u63a7\np.reset(p1,d); \u5c06p\u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3ap1\uff08\u7684\u503c\uff09\uff0cp \u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf1\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5220\u9664\u5668\np1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff01<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ea4\u6362<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>p1\u548cp2\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>std::swap(p1,p2); \/\/ \u4ea4\u6362p1 \u548cp2 \u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u53d8\np1.swap(p2);    \/\/ \u4ea4\u6362p1 \u548cp2 \u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u53d8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u9677\u9631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>shared_ptr\u4f5c\u4e3a\u88ab\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u5458\u65f6\uff0c\u5c0f\u5fc3\u56e0\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u9020\u6210\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528shared_ptr\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ea4\u53c9\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff01<\/strong> \u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<strong>weak_ptr<\/strong>\u5f31\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">weak_ptr<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>weak_ptr \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a<strong>\u914d\u5408 shared_ptr \u800c\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u6765\u534f\u52a9 shared_ptr \u5de5\u4f5c<\/strong>, <strong>\u5b83\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a shared_ptr \u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a weak_ptr \u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020<\/strong>, \u5b83\u7684\u6784\u9020\u548c\u6790\u6784\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5f15\u7528\u8bb0\u6570\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\u3002 \u540c\u65f6weak_ptr \u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u8f7d*\u548c-&gt;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 lock \u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684 shared_ptr \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5f31\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>weak_ptr wpGirl_1; \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7a7a\u7684\u5f31\u6307\u9488<br \/>weak_ptr wpGirl_2(spGirl); \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488\u6784\u9020<br \/>wpGirl_1 = spGirl; \/\/ \u5141\u8bb8\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5f31\u6307\u9488<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f31\u6307\u9488\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff1b<br \/>wpGirl_1.use_count()<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f31\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 * \u548c -&gt; \u5bf9\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488 lock()\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shared_ptr&lt;Girl&gt; sp_girl;\nsp_girl = wpGirl_1.lock();\n\n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488\u7f6eNULL\u5373\u53ef\nsp_girl = NULL;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><br \/>\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u6307\u9488\u63a5\u7ba1\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5c31\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u6307\u9488\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>expired<\/strong>\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524dweak_ptr\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6709\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6709\u5219\u8fd4\u56defalse\uff0c\u65e0\u5219\u8fd4\u56detrue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56detrue\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e use_count() == 0\uff0c\u5373\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e86\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6790\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e34\u8fd1\uff08\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u7528 expired \u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<br \/>\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9677\u9631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u751f\u6307\u9488\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7ba1\u7406;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int *x = new int(10);<br \/>unique_ptr&lt; int &gt; up1(x);<br \/>unique_ptr&lt; int &gt; up2(x);<br \/>\/\/ \u8b66\u544a! \u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7fup1 up2\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58,\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669<br \/>\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<br \/>up1.reset(x);<br \/>up2.reset(x);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528u.release()\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c;<br \/>\u5728\u8c03\u7528u.release()\u65f6\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91ca\u653eu\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e86.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7981\u6b62delete \u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488get \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6307\u9488;<br \/>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u6389get \u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u667a\u80fd \u6307\u9488\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u4e86\uff0c\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488get \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6307\u9488\u53bb\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\uff01<br \/>shared_ptr&lt; int &gt; sp1(new int(10));<br \/>\/\/ \u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7528\u6cd5 shared_ptr&lt; int &gt; sp4(sp1.get());<br \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f5c\u7528 RAII RAII\uff08Resource Acquisition Is Initialization\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=818"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courtship.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}